Fuel feeding apparatus



Dec. 8, 1953 N., M. REINERS 2,661,729

FUEL FEEDING APPARATUS Filed June 2, 194a 6 Sheets-Sheet 1 IN VEN TOR.

QM, l @4 Dec. 8, 1953 N. M. RElNERS FUEL FEEDING APPARATUS 6 sheets s t 3 Filed June 2 1948 INVEN 7:0 f2 ea 726?" BY a; Mimi I Dec. 8, 1953 N. M. REINERS FUEL FEEDING APPARATUS 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed June 2, 1948 Dec. 8, 1953 N. M. REINERS FUEL. FEEDING APPARATUS 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed June 2, 1948 INVENTOR.

Dec. 8, 1953 m s 2,661,729-

FUEL FEEDING APPARATUS Filed June 2, 1948 6 Sh eets-Sheefc 6 V 1342 if 1" l 206 I 212 HT; 5 I: 210 207 i9 5 20/3 204 IN V EN TOR.

flvdleflfiezners, BY I Patented Dec. 8, 1953 2,661,729 FUEL FEEDING APPARATUS Neville M. Reiners, Columbus, Ind., assignor to Cummins Engine Company, Inc., Columbus, Ind., a corporation of Indiana Application June 2, 1948, Serial No. 30,549 g Claims. (01. 123-139).

The invention relates to fuel feeding apparatus for internal combustion engines and more particularly to engines of the Cummins-diesel type.

The general object of the invention is to provide a novel fuel feeding apparatus of the foregoing character, adapted particularly for use with an engine having a large number of cylinders, such as a twelve-cylinder engine, and operating at a relatively high rotative speed, with the apparatus arranged to intermittently supply metered quantities of fuel to the respective engine cylinders. I

More specifically, it is an object to provide a fuel feeding apparatus adapted for the use just mentioned and operating in a novel manner to overcome problems arising because of the high speed operation and the inertia, of the fuel en countered at such speed.

Another object is to provide a novel fuel feeding apparatus for such use, in which fuel is supplied to the engine cylinders by a piston type metering pump, with the fuel supplied to the pump being taken from a constantly moving body of fuel under pressure to avoid difiiculties in feeding the fuel due to the inertia thereof.

A further object is to' provide a, fuel feeding apparatus of the foregoing character, in which air in the passages leading to the metering pump or in the pump itself is prevented from being carried through to the cylinders of the engine.

Still another object is to provide a, fuel feeding apparatus of the foregoing character, including a combined governor and manual control of novel construction.

A still further object is to provide in a, fuel feeding apparatus of the foregoing character novel mechanism for operating an overspeed stop valve, which is automatically operable to prevent flow of fuel to the metering pump and is adapted to be manually reset.

It is also an object to provide a, fuel feeding apparatus of the foregoing character, having a novel distributor for distributing fuel delivered by the metering pump to the respective engine cylinders.

Another object is to provide a novel manual control in a fuel feed apparatus of the foregoing character, which may be actuated manually to adjust the engine speed up to the maximum or to stop the engine and is automatically returned to an idle speed position when released.

v Other objects and advantages will become ap-- parent from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which: 7 I

Figure 1 is a plan view of a fuel feeding apparatus embodying the features of the invention.

Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view taken on the line 2--2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is an end elevational view of the left end of the apparatus as shown in Fig. 1, the sectional portion in the lower part of this figure being taken on the line 33 of Fig. 1, and the sectional portion in the upper part of this figure being taken on the line 3a-3a of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a transverse sectional view taken 0 the line 4-4 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary transverse sectional view taken on the line 5-5 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary transverse sectional view taken on the line 66 of Fig. 2.

Fig. '7 is a fragmentary horizontal sectional view taken on the line of Fig. 6. v

Fig. 8 is a transverse sectional view taken on the line 8-8 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 9 is a horizontal sectional view taken on the line 9-9 of Fig. 2. I

Fig. 10 is a horizontal sectional view taken on the line I0l 0 of Fig. 2, the lines 9-9 and I0| 0 being the same but the respective views being taken in opposite directions.

Fig. 11 is. a, fragmentary transverse sectional view taken on the line I ll I of Fig. 2.

Fig. 12 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view taken on the line I2-l2 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 13 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view taken on the line l3|3 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 14 is a diagrammatic view of the entire fuel feeding apparatus.

Fig. 15 is a fragmentary plan view showing the manual control for the apparatus.

Fig. 16 is an elevational view of the manual control shown in Fig.15.

Fig. 17 is a, vertical sectional view taken on the line I|-l1 of Fig. 15.

A fuel feeding apparatus embodying the features of the invention is adapted to feed fuel to the cylinders of a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine, particularly of the Cumminsdiesel type. While, in the drawings, I have shown a fuel feeding apparatus adapted for use with a twelve-cylinder engine of this character, the invention, of course, is not limited to this particular number of cylinders. However, the apparatus disclosed herein is particularly suited for an engine having a large number of cylinders, such as atwelve-icylinder engine, and operating at a relatively high rotative speed, as will be more fully explained hereinafter. The form of the apparatus shown in the drawings isfor use with a 3 four-cycle engine, but it will be apparent that it may be readily adapted for use with a two-cycle engine of the foregoing general character.

General description of the apparatus comprising a pair of housi-rigmenibersfioriie Su perimposed upon the other. "the dr'awings=, w

the lower housing member is indicated at n (see Figs. 2 and 3) while the upper I housing member is indicated at 2!. Suspe'rided'fr'ointhe lower housing member 20 is a charging-Editindicated generally at 22.

;;Journaled in the 'lower housing member .20 is a :main drive shaft -2;3 projecting beyond one end of the housingmember 20 --and =having a driving connection with the engine, which'is here shown in :the form of a coupling member 24, so-that the zp'artsof the apparatusare driven in D FQP r timed relation to the operation of the engine. Thecouplingmernber 24 is adapted to engage with another coupling member (not shown) driven by the engine, -In=the present instance, the ratio is :such that thernaindrive shaft '23 is operated at the same speed as the crankshaft pf the engine, for reasonsyvhibh will more-fully hereinafter appear. on ;tl1e;other end of the gnain drive shaft -23 is secured an extension *2 5, the outer end Of which isa'ccessible exteriorly pf -the housing and is adapted for connection with a tachometer (notshownlusner rd scr b d. .ih ..-P e apparatus comprises the charging unit-'22 which draws fuel ir m.,-a.. u nk. e=lli. d supplies such fuel to a variable delivery "metering pump, .in i ei d e ral at ."lh 'lii'et'erihg is pf pistonand cylinder constant-sna type, andbits -outpu is'controlled by bleedi'ri'g dff a predetermined porfi'n of thejfuel "delivered on each stroke. Thel fuelgdeliv'efed 'by theniterng pump atte ee "to a distributor, iridigated generally at 130, whichfunctio'ns to deliver to the fuel injectors for the respective the fuel j l lind -N The quantity of fuel blefd nan the metering pump oneach sewei fsu kewetter, and cons'd'i'intly the 'qiiantityof ffiieldelivre'd to'the distributor, is controlled both by a governeruhu amanuareontm or any 'de'sir'd engine speed. Qontrol of the l e may also be 'ekeris'ed by 'an'oti'speed'stop'device}"indicated gene'rauy at @Iin Figs. 4 and i4. The'ov'ers'peed "step device is'opefated automatically as a result} of an excessive engine speed, and servesitocut ofi'lthe ly pffuel 'to 'the 'engine whenthe device is iiperated. N Resetting of flthe overspeed stop deyic'geisf ecom u ueq; manually. n

I'n 'anfengine bf this 1 'type,""where a relatively is? e nib'er qf "cylinder -are 'rnpldydffifid w en, the rotative; speed of the engine is fairl'y liigh,"thefnurnber ofineteredchar'gesbf fuel per un fo'f ti'm'e deliveredby the nietering'pumpffl is flarge. Thus, for a twelve-cylinder, four-cycle engine operating "at 1200 R. 'P."M.,the number of "individual charges of "fuel delivered] per ini'n lite {by the metering pump is @7200. "Since 1 the metering pu is "offthe "piston and ficylind'er type, this speed'of peraupn ihvoive strippin and sis-rung movement 'of"the fuel 7200 times per minute. It is obvious from these figures that the inertia of the fuel becomes a factor in effecting proper feeding of the fuel through the various parts of the apparatus. \Since equal quantities of fuel must be delivered to the respective cylinders for proper operation of an engineat any desired speed, the problems intolved in {providing suitable apparatus become apparent.

N In the present fuel feeding apparatus adapted for operation under the foregoing conditions, the-,fuelis so handled as to eliminate the difficulties due to the inertia involved in instituting movementans steppin such movement of the tfuel. this end, the fuel is supplied to the metering pump from a continuously moving body oti-uehse related to the metering pump that when the latter is ready to receive fuel on its intake st'roke, a portion of the continuously moving body is merely diverted into the meteringspump. the pump itself and the passages :l'eading to it and from it, the fuel may be said 'to have a unidirectional flow, thus eliminating the necessity of reversing the direction of the how at different points in the cycle ofthe pump. The fuel at :all times is also maintained under suitable pressures, so that there .is a rapid response to'the opening of any port .-and fuel will immediately pass through such port. The result of such an arrangement is to attain accurate feeding of metered quantitiesef fuel even under the extreme conditions noted.

Fuel pumping means The mill chargin unitizz, as iheretofore mentioned is adapted to draw fuel 'from the -fuel nausea and comprises low and high pressure pumps, which may be of 'the gear type. Thus, as shown in .Eigs. 2 and '14, fuel is drawn from the tank 126 through :a line 32, the latter being tennect'eetoa "'lifitti'ngffl v(see Fig. 4) mounted in the lower "face of an auxiliary 'housingJmembe! 3# {secured tb the right-hand end of the lower housing 'rnemb'er 20 as shown in 2. The fuel entering "through the "T fitting '33 passes through a clieckvalve'35't'o which the T fitting 33fis secured, and enters a "passage 36 exten in longitudinally in the lower part Of "the lower housing member '20 'Thepassage 38 connects" Witha pump body F3? suspended from-the lower housing "member 20, fin which is located a .pair "of gears '40 comprising the low "pressure "or transfer pump. One-of the gears 3-0 is mounted on an idler sha ft {ll (see Figs. -Zaand 141, while the other Ml is mounted on a drive shaft 2 x'tendingjup'wardly -from the pump housing ai'a'ridunto t1'ie1d\ifl 'r "housing member 20. "At lss'upper' end, the shaft Mfis"provided .with 'a ueve1 pinion 43 r'n'eshing "witha bevel "gear M mounted on the main drive shaft 23 -of the apparatus. I Fuel deliverediby the low pressure gear-pump ill conducted through' apassage fi -form'ed in the "rower 'lious'ing member 20 and "leading to =a float chamber 45 suspended from the lower h'ouslfi member zs. rue levl of "fuel within "the updates-afloatvalve controlling theTio'W df fuel from the low pressure pump Ml through the passagefi. The parts are-so arranged that when the level of -fuel-within the float-chamber 46 rescues a predetermined level, the valve ifl is closdto stobil h'ejfiow offuel from the' low' pre's- -s'ure* 'purnp; Ihe low-pressure pum finowever, continues to operate and a spring-operatedfiypass valve '(see Figs. 5 and 14) is provided to permit the discharge of fuel from the low pressure pump 46 to return to the intake or suction Side thereof without passing into the float chamber 46.- The valve 5|, as is evident from an inspection of Fig. 5, thus permits the fuel to pass from the discharge passage 45 of the low pressure pump back to the intake passage 36 thereof. 'LFuel from the float chamber 46 is withdrawn through a passage 52 in the lower housing member by the high pressure gear pump comprising gears 53 located in the pump housing 31 and mounted on the shafts 4| and 42. The discharge fromthe high pressure gear pump 53 is conducted by a passage 54 formed in the lower housing member 20 through a filter 55 located in the auxilia'ry, housing member 34. From the filter 55, there extends a passage 56 leading to an overspeed stop valve 51 mounted in the auxiliary housing member 34 and more fully described hereinafter. From the overspeed stop valve 51, the fuel is conducted through a passage 66 to the metering pump 21. When the overspeed sto-p valve 51 is closed, the fuel discharged by the high pressure pump 53 is permitted to pass through a by-pass passage 6| branching from the discharge passage 54 and leading to a spring-pressed pressure-operated valve 62 (see Figs. 2, 8 and 14). The fuel discharged through the valve 62 passes outthrough the end thereof into the interiorof the lower housing member 20 to drain downwardly into the float tank 46.

As heretofore mentioned, the fuel metering pump 2'! is of the piston and cylinder type. Thus, it comprises a cylinder casing 63 in which is mounted the piston indicated at 64 (see Figs. 2,6 and 14). vThe cylinder casing 63 preferably constitutes a separate part rigidly mounted on the upper face of the lower housing member 20 within the upper housing member 2|. The cylinder casing 63 is provided with an intake port comprising a plurality of apertures 65 (see Fig. 7) located at one side of the cylinder intermediate the ends thereof and extending from a chamber 66 provided in the pump casing 63. Leading to the chamber 66 in the pump casing 63 is a passage 61 extending downwardly therefrom and communicating with an angularly shaped passage 70 formed in the lower housing member 26. The angularly shaped passage 16 in turn comlm'unicates with the passage 66 through which the discharge from the high pressure gear pump 53 flows. The intake ports 65 are controlled by the reciprocation of the piston 64 and thus are opened and closed by the movement of the piston.

Since the reciprocation of the piston involves intermittent movement of fuel into the cylinder .of the metering pump, initiation of movement of the body of fuel available for admission 'to the pump is required, in the usual apparatus, each time the intake port opens, and stopping of such movement is required each time the intake port .closes.- Because of the rapidity with which the fuel must be moved, the inertia of the fuel incurred-during such starting and stopping might result in cavitation occurring in the'cylinder, so that a' full charge of fuel would not be delivered .to the metering pump. This, of course, would result in diminished quantities of fuel delivered .to the respective engine cylinders.

6'1 fuel into the: metering pump. To this end, the passage 66 is connected throughthe angular pas! sage 10 with a passage 1| leading to the intake passage 52 for the high pressure gear pump 53. The passage H extends longitudinally of the lower housing member 20 in the upper part thereof and connects with the passage 52 through a downwardly extending passage l2 (see Fig. 3) provided in the lower housing unit 26 adjacent the left end thereof. The high pressure gear pump 53 thus continuously circulates fuel through the passages 66, 16 and H adjacent the intake ports .65. Such fuel is maintained under pressure by means of a spring-pressed pressure control valve 13 located in the passage 12. Thus, when the piston 64, ,opens the intake ports 65, fuel is immediately diverted from the continuously flowing body of fuel in the angular passage 70 so that it passes through the passage 61 in the pump casing 63, the chamber 66 and into the cylinder of the pump through the intake ports 65.

The piston 64 is provided with a downwardly extending skirt portion i4 (see Figs. 2, 6 and 14) the lower end of which ha an outwardly extending flange i5. To move the piston 64 downwardly, a coiled spring 16 bears at one end against the flange i5 and its other end is seated in an annular groove 11 formed in the cylinder casing 63. The spring 16 thus functions to cause the suction stroke of the piston 64. The piston 64 is actuated on it delivery stroke by means of the drive shaft 23. To this end, a lever 86 is pivotally supported in the housing and, intermediate its ends, is provided with a roller 8! adapted to engage a cam 82 provided on the driveshaft 23. The freeend of the lever 86 is cup-shaped, as indicated at 83, to receive the lower end of a thrust link 84, the upper end of which bears against the piston 64. The thrust link 84 is preferably provided with ball-shaped 'endsadapted to bear in similarly shaped; sockets respectively provided in the cup-shaped'end 83 of the lever 66 and in the piston 64.

The piston 64 is thus actuated by the cam 62 in timed relation to the operation of the engine. In the present instance,- with the main shaft 23 driven at the same speed as the engine, and the engine being of the four-cycle type, the cam 82 is-provided with six lobes to operate the pump six times for each'revolution of the engine. Fuel will thus be delivered by the-metering pump to six cylinders of the engine during each revolution thereof, which is the proper number for a twelvecylinder four-cycle engine.

The metering pump 21 is provided with a delivery port, indicated at 85, which is so located relative to the intake'ports 65 that the fuel in moving through the pump has a unidirectional flow. Thus, the delivery port 85 is located diametrically opposite the intake ports 65, but at a different level, for reasons hereinafter explained. This construction avoids the necessity of reversing the direction of flow of fuel on each stroke of the pump, as has hereinbefore been the casein other pumps of thischaracter where a'single port provides for both intake and delivery therethrough.- This is another feature in the present construction which makes the present apparatu's particularly adapted for high-speed operation.

The delivery port 85 communicates with the distributor 36 through a passage 86 (see-Figs. 6 and 14) formed in the lower housingmember "20. To prevent back flow from the distributor, a spring pressed pressure-operated valve 8.! 3 is mounted Linithe. cylindenfcasing 16.31 adjacent the aromas deliuery port'85, andthere fore fuel delivered by the metering pump must he raised :to a redetermined pressure before it can enter the bas saseiafi.

The passage .85 communicates with a passage 90 :(see Figs. 2 and 14) "termed in .a stationary disc =9I constituting a part or the distributor .38. The disc BI, as will be .noted'in Fig.;2,.is -mounted on the upper face of the upper housing :member 2I andhas a lower central portion projectin into the housing member. The passage 90 in the stationary disc member .9I opens into a chamber 92 positioned axially in .thestationary disc enember 91 and having a central aperture :93 in the lower face of the stationarydisc member 91.

The stationary disc member -91I cooperates with a rotatably drivendisc member --84 located within the upper housing member QI to distribute the fuel supplied thereto by the metering pump to the respective engine cylinders. To this end, the rotatably driven disc-94 is-in face-toface engage.- ment with the bottom face 0f the stationary disc SI and is provided with -a central aperture 95 aligned with the aperture 4J3 in the stationary disc -81 to receive the measured quantitiesof fuel therethrough as delivered by the metering pump. The rotatablydriven disc fl hasa radial passage 96 (seea iigs. 2, 10 and 14) extending from the aperture 95. The radial passage 86 is provided with an opening in the face of the disc 94 adapted to be sequentially moved into registry with openings in the lower face of the stationary disc member BI and connected to the injectors'forthe respective engine cylinders.

Since the present distributor -is arranged for I use connection with a twelve-cylinder engine, the openings in the stationary disc member BI have to be rather closely spaced circumferentially of the disc. Howeve1f,-because of the rapidity with which the ;fuel has to be transferred from the rotary disc member "94 'to the stationary disc 91, the flow throughthe openings must be free. For this reason, each opening inrthebottom face of {the stationary disc member comprises a ragdiaily positioned set of apertures '91, with the apertures increasing in size the farther they are from the center of the disc member, as shown in Fig. 9. *Cor-respondingly, {the opening from the radial passage 95 in the rotatably driven disc member 94 comprises a similar-set of apertures 1-00. as shown in Fig. 10. The fuel-thus is readiiy transferred from the rotary disc member 94 to the stationary disc member 9| without any great resistance to the flow from one disc member to the other. The rotation of the disc member 94, of course, moves the apertures IIlll successively into registration with the apertures -91 in the stationary disc member to distribute the -f-ue'l to the respective cylinders.

Each set of apertures 81 opens into a --radiai passage I'BI in=thestationary discmeniberdlLand the passage I0 I communicates with an angularly positioned passage I02 extending toward the top of the stationary disc member 9|. "In the upper end of each passage IM is mounted a tube -.or pipe I03 connected to one of the engine cylinder in!- jectors (not shown). To permit the tubes IIl3to be arranged within a relatively-small space, the passages 11112 alternately extend .at slightly difler- -en't angles to the top face of the stationary disc member 9| so that the tubes I133 are radially staggered melanomas-illustratedinFigsl.

To drive the rotary :disc member EILEthe -main shaft is provided with :azbevel pinion :I-lll 10sec figs. 2 and 14%) with a near 11115 member .9 I

m unted on the FI WBI cnsici a s ub shat-t 452.6: The stub shaft L96 isicurna cdin thclcwe hens ins memb r .20 bymeans cf antiiriction bea in s 19] and has a driving connection with a cap member I Ill secured .on itsupper end. The cap member Ht con titutes the driving member-cf a allclutch d vice II I, the other member of which constitutes the r t ry disc member '9 he ball clutch device II I rotatably drives the rotary disc member .94 but permits the disc member to properly bear in accurate face-to-face engagement with the stationary disc member 8|.

[13o hold the two disc members in iaceto-.face engagement with each other, the stub shaft IHIS, adjacent its upper end, is provided witha flange H2, on which .isseated a coiled spring I I3. The upper end of the coiled sprin 113 bears against the lower face of the rotary disc member 84 to hold it in engagement with the stationary .disc The rotary disc member .SLsince it driven by the main drive shaft 23, is thusop- .erated in timed relation with the engine. The gear ratio between the pinion I04 and the bevel gear 1105 is such that the stub shaft H16 rotates at one half the speed of the main drive shaft :23 so that the apertures I00 in the rotarydisc member .94 register .with each set of apertures 9! in the stationary disc member. SI once foreac'h two revolutions of :the engine crankshaft, and fuel is thus distributed to each cylinder :once during each two revolutions of the engine.

Control f the fu l delivere b the mctefina 111W??? n order to co trol the peed of op ration 0! the en n t e qua ti Of inc ve d to t e d r butor 9 b the uel meterin pump :21 9.1. a h d li ry s roke he eof is varied. In the present instan e, u h variati n in the metered q a t t es of $1 1 is. a complish d by bleed n .01? a portion o the incl f m th m t rin pump on each delivery stroke thereof, the stroke of the pump be n c n tant- .By varying the amount of el d of during he de very strokes, the amount of fuel delivered to-the en.- gine cylinders may thus be varied. In the prest n c hem an fo b ee n fi the uc'l is of a novel character, which is simple in construct on and pr v des f r ac u t ad ustment of'the quantity of fuel delivered to each cylinder. In the structure shown in the drawings, "themterior of the cylinder casing 63 is enlarged at its upper end, as shownat I21 (seeJFigs. 2, .6' and The piston 64 operates in'themain portion of the cylinder casing 63 but has a'reduced tubular pictension 1-2] at its upper end extending through the enlarged-portion I20 of the cylinder andinito a bore I22-in the upper end of the cylindercasing. The main body of the piston-64 thus -functions as a pumping port-ion, while the extension I21 constitutes part of the fuel bleeding control. The extension I2I isprovided-with a-iateral-aper- :tu-re =I2espaced above-the end of the pistonproper. Located within the extension I 2I isa tu- -Joular control member 124 in-telescep'ic relation withtheextension 21.

The lateral-aperture I23 in the extension'fll and the lower end of the tubular control member .124 are so located that, at the star-t of the upward or delivery stroke of the piston "64, the lateral aperture I23 is below the end of-thetubularcontrol member I24. Fuel-from the'cylin- -der may thus he forced through athe' lateral aperrture .123 and thence outwardly through the in ateripr. or the tubular-control member 1 24 into .will not be forced through the valve 81.

the engine.

9 the housing structure. As the piston continues its upward movement, the lateral aperture I23 passes over the lower end of the tubular control member I24 to prevent flow therethrough. The fuel remaining in the cylinder at this point in the cycle is then placed under pressure by continued movement of the piston 64, sothat the pressure-operated valve 81 is forced open and the fuel under such pressure is delivered to the distributor 30'through the passage 86. Th position of the lateral aperture I23 in its relation to the lower end of the tubular control member I24 is such that closin of the aperture I23 does not occur until after the piston has moved sufficiently to close the intake ports 65. The delivery port 85 is located in the enlarged portion I20 of the cylinder so that the only place that the fuel can escape after the lateral aperture I23 is closed is through the delivery port 85 and the pressureoperated valve 31.

When the piston 64 is at the lower end of its stroke, the continuously flowing fuel in the passage I is diverted into the cylinder through the intake ports 55 and, since the lateral opening I23 is open at this point in the cycle, air in the cylinder will be forced out through th tubular control member I24 by the inrushing fuel. The valve 81 is set to open at a higher pressure than that attained in the cylinder by the inrushing fuel, and the valve I3 is so set asto divert sufiicrank I3I ,(see Figs: 2 and 14) having one of its arms I32 ,bearing on the upper end of the tubular control member I24 to force it downward against the pressure of thespring I25. The bell crank I 3I is pivotally supported by means of .an eccentric I33 (see Figs. 3 and 14) formed on a shaft I35, with the latter journaled in a'covers'tructure I34 secured to the upper housingmember 2I. The shaft I35 extends externallyof the .cover structure I 34, as at I36, and on, the outer. end I36 is mounted a hand ..control lever I 31. ,By. swinging the hand lever I31, the, eccentric I33 is thereby rotated to swing the beIl'crank'ISI so thatits arm I32 varies the position of the tubular control member I24. The amount of fuelbled off on each delivery stroke of the metering pump 2! may thus be manually controlled. I

When the manual control is set for idling speed,

' .an engine-driven governor holds the engine at cient fuel into the cylinder without opening the valve 81. Any air remaining in the'cylinder. after the intake ports 65 are closed, to a great extent will be forced out through the tubular control member I24 by the upward movement of the piston, and any air remaining in the cylinder Air is thus prevented from being carried over into the distributor and from there into the cylinders of The foregoing arrangement of parts thus provides for bleeding a portion of the fuel in the metering pump on each delivery stroke of the piston, such portion being bled oif during the initial movement of the piston. The fuel bled off through the member I24 is permitted to fill the upper housing and to pass through a tube I I8 (see Fig. 2) connected to the top of the housing and extending to the float chamber 46 for connection therewith in an opening I I9.-

i To provide for lubrication of the bearing surfaces of the thrust link 84 with the sockets in the piston 54 and cup-shaped end 83 of the lever '80, the piston 64 is provided with a small central passage I21 (see Figs. 2 and 6) communicating with a longitudinal passage I28 extending through the thrust link 84. A portion of the fuel bled from the cylinder through the lateral opening I23 thus may pass through the passages I21 and I28 for access to the bearing surfaces of the thrust link 84.

To control the quantity of fuel bled 01f during each delivery stroke of the piston, the tubular control member I24 is adjustable axially so as to determine the point in the stroke at which the lateral opening I23 passes over the end of the tubular control member'l24. To this end, the tubular control member I24, at its upper end, is provided with a flange I25. Bearing against the flange I25 is a coiled spring I26 seated on the upper end of the cylinder casing '63 and tending to move the tubular control member I24 upwardly. Mounted within the upper housing member 2I is a control linkage, indicated generally at I30 (see Figs. 2 and '14) for forcing the tubular control member 24 downwardly.

such speed, and when the manual cohtrolis set for any higher speed, the governor assumes control when the engine exceeds a' predetermined speed. Thus, the'control linkage I30fincludes a lever I40 carried on a rockshaft'I4I -journaled in the cover structure I34, The lever I40 is provided with an outwardly extending lug I42 engaging the second arm of the bell crank, indicated at I43. vThe lever I40is adapted to 'be actuated by a governor, indicated generally at I44, and mounted in the upper housing member H. .In' the. present instance, the governor comprises a pair of'low-speed weights I 45 and a ,pair.v of high speedweights I 46.

v Both pairs of weights'are mounted on a carrier I 41 rigidly securedto a v'ert ical shaft I50 extending downwardly'i'nto-the lower housing member 20. The carrierfl4l rests'on 'athrust bearing I48 carried on a member I 49 carrying a bushing supporting the ,shaft I50. The lower end of the shaft, I50 carries a'bevel gear I5I meshing with the bevel gear 44 on the main drive shaft 23, To steady the vertical shaft I50, the upper end thereof is journaled in a bearing I52 provided inthe'cover'structure I34. Both the high-speed weights I46 are provided with inwardlyextend ing lingers I53 engaging the bottom face l'of a sleeve I54 slidably mounted on thevertical shaft I5UJ' Ihesleeye I54, at its upper end, carries a thrust bearing I 55 against which a forked'end I56 "on theleverl40bears.

'Thshaft I4I'carrying the lever I40 extends to the exterior of the cover structure I34, 'and' on the outer 'end thereof, there is provided a lever clamp I60 adjustably-supporting a lever I BI in the form'of a threaded rod (see Figsl, 3an'd 14). On the free end'of the lever I6I is attached a coil spring I62 with the spring anchored to the upper housing member 2I by means of-an adjustableanchor I63. It will be obvious that the tensionofcthe "spring I62 opposes upward movement of the-:sleeve I 54 on the vertical shaft I50 and consequently, opposes outward movement of the .lowand high-speed weights I45 and 146. ;Howe.ver*, theeffect of the outward; movement 10f .theseweights may be varied in several ways.

side of the upper housing member 2|.

13 the shaft end I36 to the rear of the hand lever. The idling control lever 206 thus moves with the hand lever as a unit when the two are turned in this direction. Upon release of the hand lever after such movement, a coiled spring 201, anchored at one end to a lug 210 formed on the cover structure I34 and hooked at its other end to a. lug 2II formed on the idling control lever 206, draws the latter, and consequently the hand lever, in a counterclockwise direction as shown in Fig. 16. To limit such movement of the hand lever to idle position, a retainer 2 i 2 is mounted on the side of the cover structure I34, as by screws 2 I3, and carries at its upper end a stopscrew 2 I4 constituting an abutment for the idling control lever 206 when the latter is in idle position. The screw 2 Id, of course, provides adjustment so that the idle position of the lever 206 and the hand lever I 31 may be accurately set.

- When it is desired to stop the engine, the hand lever I31 is manually swung in a counterclockwise direction, as shown in Fig. 16, from its idle position. To limit movement of the hand lever in this direction, a stop lug 2I5 is provided on the During this movement of the hand lever, the idling control lever 236 remains in its idle position as determined by the stop screw 2M, since the lug 205 moves away from the lever 206.

Upon release of the hand lever after movement to its stop position, it is automatically returned to idle positionby resilient means in the form of a spiral torsion spring 2I6. The latter is positioned substantially coaxially with the shaft end I36 and has its inner end bent asat 2H for clamping in the slot 200 in the upper end of the hand lever. The outer end of the spring 2I6 is looped as at 220 so that it may be secured to the idling control lever 206 as by a screw 22I. Thus, when the hand lever is moved counterclockwise, the tension of the spring 2I6 is increased, and upon release of the hand lever,

such tension automatically swings the hand lever back to its idleposition. At the latter position, the lug 205 on the hand lever engages the idling control lever 206, which prevents further movement of the hand lever by the spring 2 I 6.

Overspeed stop device The present fuel feeding apparatus isprovided with an overspeed stop device adapted to shut off the supply of fuel to the engine when the latter operates at an excessive speed. The overspeed stop device is automatically operable to attain this result, and the supply of fuel to the engine, when once cut off by the device, can only be re-established by manually resetting the device.

In the preferred form of the device, a weight H!) (see Figs. 2, 4 and 14) is mounted in a radial position in an enlargement I II on the main shaft extension 25 within the auxiliary housing member 34. "The weight I is provided witha stem I12 extending through the enlargement I1I,- and a spring I13 is mounted within the enlargement and tends to prevent the weight I 10 from moving radially outward relative to the enlargement I'II.

However, when an excessive speed" is attained,

centrifugal force moves the weight I16 outwardly beyond the enlargement I1I to engage an arm I14 of a bell crank I15. The other arm of the bell crank, indicated at I16, functions as a detent and is adapted to engage a shoulder I11 formed 53 through the line 56 and'to the line- 601A 14 spring I00 tends to close the valve 51 to prevent flow of fuel therethrough, but the arm I 16 of the bell crank I15, acting as a dentent, holds the valve 51 open under normal conditions.

When the main drive shaft 23 rotates at an excess speed, the weight I10 moves outwardly beyond the-enlargement IN to engage the arm I14 of the bell crank and thus swing it in a clockwise direction, as'seen in Fig. 4, to shift the arm I16 out of engagement with the shoulder I11 on the stem of the valve 51. The spring I thereupon causes the valve 51 to close, to shut off the supply of fuel from the high-pressure gear pump 53 to the metering pump 21. On the pivotal support for the bell crank 15 is mounted a torsion spring I 8!, which tends to swing the bell crank in a counterclockwise direction, as seen in Fig. 4, so as to hold the arm I16 in engagement with the shoulder I11 on the stem of the valve 51. The weight I10 thus swings the bell crank in opposition to the torsion spring I8I so that, as soon as the engine has slowed down after closure of'the valve 51, the torsion spring tends to swing the arm I16 back into a position to engage the shoulder I11. The valve, however, is closed at that time so that the arm I16 cannot re-engage the shoulder I11.

Rte-engagement of the arm I16 with the shoulder I11 is effected manually by forcing the valve 51 to its open position against the pressure of the spring I80. To this end, a manual reset knob I82 located at the exterior of the auxiliaryrhousing member 34, as shown in Figs. 1 and 12, is carried on a stub shaft I83 journaled in the auxiliary housing member 34. The shaft I83, at its inner end, is cut away to provide a substantially half round section I84 underlying the lower end of the stem of the valve '51. When the valve 51 is closed, the, lower end of its stem is adjacent the fiat side of the half round section I84, and by rotation of'this half round section in a counter'clockwise direction, as viewed in Fig. 4, by the reset knob I82, the half round section I84 functions as a cam to lift the valve 51 to its open position. When the valve 51 is raised sufficientlvthe torsion spring I8I causes the arm I16 to re-engage the shoulder I11 on the valve stem and thus hold the valve in an open position. To hold the half round section I84 in position for resetting the valve, the end I85 of the torsion spring engages in a notch I86 in'the stub shaft I53 and tends to holdthe half round section I84 in the position shown inFig. 4. Thus, when the reset knob I82 is turned to open the valve 51, the knob is immediately returned to its original position, after release from the hand, by the action of the end I85 of the torsion spring I8I.

The over-speed stop device thus functions, when the engine attains an excessive speed, to shut off the flow of fuel from the high-pressure gear pump 53 to the fuel metering pump 21so that no ;more fuel can flow to the engine cylinders until the reset knob- I82 has been actuated to open 'the' valve 51. During such time as the valve 51 "is closed and the engine is still turning over, the fuel delivered bythe gear pump 53 is built-up in pressure until the pressure relief valve 62 is opened in the'by-pass BI so that any fuel still being delivered by the high-pressure gear pump 53 is spilled back into the float chamber 45, from which the pump 53 draws its supply.

For priming the engine in starting it, a'manually operated priming pump I60 (see Fig. 14-) is provided. This pump may be located at some convenient position, and in case the engineis 15 usedin a. motor. truck; the priming pump fall is usually mounted on the dash of the truck. The priming pump IE3 is provided with a line I9I adapted to draw fuel from the fuel supply tank 25. In the preferred arrangement, the line IE5 is connected to the T fitting 33 through which the low-pressure gear pump. 40 draws its supply of. fuel. The fuel discharged by the priming pump 19!! is carried through a discharge line I92 connected to a pressure-operated valve. I93 (see Figs. 2 audit) mounted centrally in the stationary distributor disc 9|. Whenthe priming pump buildsup suficient pressure, the-valve I93 opens to permit the fuel to flow into the central chamber 92 in the stationary disc 91, andfrom there the fuel fills the radial passage 98 in the rotary disc member 94 and the passages to the various injectors for the cylinders.

The fuel pumped into the central chamber 92 in. the stationary distributor disc 9| also works backwardly through the passages 90 and S8 toward the metering pump 21. The fuel, however, cannot pass through the valve 8'! since the spring of this valve holds it closed. To prime the metering'pump, a branch passage I94 (see Figs. ll and it) extends from the passage 86-. A manually operable priming valve I95 controls the flow through the passage I94 and, when opened, permits flow from the branch passage I94 into another passage I96 inthe lower housing member 20, connected to the passage H through which the high pressure charging pump 53 normally circulates fuel. The passage 7 I-., as heretofore stated,

communicates with the intake ports 65 of the fuel metering pump so that fuel may be forced into the cylinder of the metering pump when the piston 64 opens the intake ports 65. Fuel may also'pass to the line 60 leading from the highpressure gear pump 53.

I claim: I

l. A fuel feeding apparatus for an internal combustion engine of the piston and cylinder type, comprising a piston and cylinder type metering pump for delivering metered quantities of fuel to. the engine'cylinders with the cylinder of the pump extending vertically and providing a pump chamber therein above the piston, said pump chamberhaving an intake port at its lower part,; a bleed port at its top and a delivery port intermediate its ends, said intake and bleed ports being open during the initial portion of each delivery stroke of the piston, with the movement of the piston on the'delivery stroke being adapted to close the intake port first and thereafter the bleed port, means for delivering fuel under pressure to said intakeport, and a pressure-operated check valve in said delivery port tocause air in the pump to pass out through the bleed port as the fuelenters the'intake port and toprevent its 'being forced through the delivery port.

2. A fuel feeding apparatus for an internal combustion engine, comprisinga piston and cylinder type metering pump for delivering metered quantities of fuel to the engine cylinders with the pump cylinder extending vertically and providing a pump chamber therein. above the piston, said pump chamber. having an: intake port at its 'lowerpart, a bleed port at its top and a delivery port. intermediate its ends, with the intake and bleed ports adapted to be opened and closed by movement of the piston, said bleed port being open when the. intake port is open, a charging pump-having a discharge line through which the charging pump continuously dischargesfuel, said discharge. line having aconnection. with: said in-' take: port whereby a portion of the. continuously discharged; fuel is diverted into and rapidly fills the. metering pump to force air therein through said bleed port, and a pressure-operated check valve in said delivery port. adapted to remain closed until both the intake port and the bleed port are closed and the pressure of the fuel in the pump. chamber is increased.

3. In a fuel feeding apparatus for an internal combustion engine, a variable delivery fuel. metering pump comprising a cylinder and. constant stroke piston having a tubular extension of reduced diameter with a transverse bleed port therein, and. an adjustably-mounted sleeve extending. into said extension andproviding a bleed passage, said bleed. port providing communication from the eylinder to said bleed passage when the bleed port is beyond the end of. said sleeve and being adapted to be closed by said. sleeve upon movement of the piston when the port passes over the end of the sleeve.

4. Ina fuelfeeding apparatus for an internal combustion engine, a variable delivery fuel metering pump comprising a cylinder casing having laterally opening intake and delivery ports and a reduced-bore extending through one end, anda piston mounted in said cylinder and having a tubular extension of reduced diameter slidably mounted in said bore, said extension having a laterally opening bleed port adjacent its irmer end, and an adjustable sleeve slidably mounted in said extension and providing an axially ex.- tending bleed passage, said-bleedport permitting flow of. fuel from. said cylinder into said bleed passage when. the bleed port is beyond the end of said sleeve and being adapted to be closed upon movement of the piston when the bleed port passes over theend of. said sleeve.

5. In a fuel feeding apparatus for an internal tubular extension of reduced diameter slidably mounted. in said. bore, said. extension having a laterally opening bleed port adjacent its inner end, an adjustably mounted sleeve extending into said extension and providing a bleed passage therethrough, and a pressureroperated valve in said delivery port whereby on the delivery stroke of said piston fuel is forced through said bleed port into said bleed passage when the bleed port is beyond. the end of said sleeve, and when the bleed port. passes over the end of said sleeve, pressureisbuilt up withinthe cylinder to open said valve. I

6. Ina fuel feeding, apparatusfor an internal combustion engine, a variable delivery fuel. metering pump comprising a cylinder casing. having laterally opening intake and delivery ports'a-nd a reduced bore extending through one end, and a piston mounted in said cylinder and having a tubular extension of reduced diameter slidably mounted in said bore, said extension having a 17 sleeve to vary the quantity of fuel discharged through said bleed passage during each delivery stroke of the piston.

'7. In a fuel feeding apparatus for an internal combustion engine having a fuel metering pump for delivering metered quantities of fuel to the engine cylinders including an adjustable element for varying the 'quantities of fuel, a control linkage comprising a shiftable member adapted to engage said element, a rotatably mounted shaft for shifting said member, and a manual control comprising a hand lever secured to said shaft and movable through a range from a stop position to a maximum speed position, an idling control lever rotatably mounted on said shaft, said hand lever having a lug engaging said idling control lever to swing the latter when said hand lever is moved toward maximum speed position, a spring tending to swing said idling control lever toward idle speed position and by said lug to swing said hand lever to the same position, said hand lever being movable to stop position without moving said idling speed lever, and a second spring connecting said levers and tending to swing the hand lever from stop position to idle speed position.

8. In a fuel feeding apparatus for an internal combustion engine having a fuel metering pump for delivering metered quantities of fuel to the engine cylinders including an adjustable element for varying the quantities of fuel, a control linkage comprising a shiftable member adapted to engage said element, a rotatably mounted shaft for shifting said member, and a manual control comprising a hand lever secured to said shaft and movable through a range from a stop position to a maximum speed position, an idling control lever rotatably mounted on said shaft said lever interengaging to move as a unit when the hand lever is moved from an idle speed position toward the maximum speed position, a spring connected to said idling control lever and tending to move both levers to idle speed position, said hand lever being movable relative to said idling control lever from idle speed position to stop position, and a second spring tending to return said hand lever from stop position to idle speed position.

9. In a fuel feeding apparatus for an internal combustion engine having a fuel metering pump for delivering metered quantities of fuel to the engine cylinders including an adjustable element for varying the quantities of fuel, a control linkage comprising a shiftable member adapted to engage said element, a rotatably mounted shaft for shifting said member, and a manual control comprising a hand lever secured to said shaft and movable through a range from a stop position to a maximum speed position and means tending to move said hand lever to an idle speed position when moved either toward the maximum speed position or the stop position comprising a springoperated lever engaging said hand lever when the latter is moved from idle speed position toward maximum speed position and tending to return said hand lever to idle speed position, said springoperated lever also having a resilient connection with said hand lever tending to return said hand lever to idle speed position when the latter is moved to stop position.

10. In a fuel feeding apparatus for an internal combustion engine having a fuel metering pump for delivering metered quantities of fuel to the engine cylinders including an adjustable element for varying the quantities of fuel, a control linkage comprising a shiftable member engaging said element, a rotatably mounted shaft for shifting said member, and a manual control comprising a hand lever secured to said shaft and movable through a range from a stop position to a maximum speed position and means tending to move said hand lever to an idle speed position when moved either toward the maxi mum speed position or the stop position comprising a spring-operated lever for moving said hand lever to idle position when the latter is moved in one direction therefrom and resiliently connected to said hand lever for moving said hand lever to idle position when the latter is moved in the opposite direction.

NEVILLE M. REINERS.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,757,353 Barnard May 6, 1930 1,802,043 Bjorkgren Apr. 21, 1931 1,886,067 Moses Nov. 1, 1932 2,020,302 Deschamps Nov. 12, 1935 2,206,914 Muller July 9, 1940 2,222,919 Trapp Nov. 26, 1940 2,223,759 Dillstrom Dec. 3, 1940 2,251,783 Davis Aug. 5, 1941 2,282,562 Cole May 12, 1942 2,313,264 Reggio Mar. 9, 1943 2,353,188 Roosa July 11, 1944 2,365,412 Janes Dec. 19, 1944 2,372,559 Edwards Mar. 27, 1945 2,473,412 Bryant June 14, 1949 

